Compare and Contrast: the Story of an Hour and a Rose for Emily

Deriso 1 Daniel Deriso Professor Robert Eastman English 101 4 September 2012 Compare and Contrast: â€Å"The Story of an Hour† versus â€Å"A Rose for Emily† The two short stories talked about will be around two definitely various ladies both with abusive men in their lives. In â€Å"The Story of an Hour†, Louise acknowledges she wished to be liberated from her marriage. In â€Å"A Rose for Emily†, Emily is longing to be hitched. One lady is hoping to be adored, and the other is so brimming with scorn that it executes her. In â€Å"A Rose for Emily†, Emily is being constrained by her draconian father.He won't permit Emily to have contact with other men. When Emily’s father dies she demands to keep the body, since she is frightful of being so forlorn. Emily later executes her sweetheart Homer Barron for attempting to leave her, and his body isn't found until after her demise. Though, â€Å"The Story of an Hour† is about a lady who wishe s the man in her life isn't a major part of her life. The peruser can tell from Louise’s contemplations that her life partner is an exceptionally harsh man. The updates on his passing brings her a sentiment of overpowering freedom.Emily never wedded on the grounds that her dad would not permit it. This reality makes her crazy. Her life dream is to be hitched, yet she will wind up alone. Nonetheless, Louise Mallard, who is hitched, longs for those bonds to be cut off. Her marriage is the thing that definitely murders her. The accounts both end heartbreakingly. In the two stories the hero kicks the bucket, yet for altogether different thinking. Emily executes Homer for attempting to leave her. At that point she keeps his body with her until she is found dead of old age.Louise Mallard trusts her better half to be dead, which leaves her obligations of marriage broken. His arrival causes her so much anguish that she bites the dust of a cardiovascular failure. At long last, the two ladies bite the dust of their individual thoughts of adoration. Emily has each man she at any point adored Deriso 2 kick the bucket for an amazing duration. Louise Mallard faces her mortality when she understands that her significant other is as yet alive. The narratives are both incredibly bleak. They manage the subjects of adoration, detest, and misfortune. Three of the most impressive subjects in the entirety of writing.

10 Important Events in the History of Latin America

10 Important Events in the History of Latin America Latin America has been constantly molded by occasions as much as by individuals and pioneers. In the long and violent history of the area, there were wars, deaths, victories, uprisings, crackdowns, and slaughters. Which was the most significant? These ten were chosen dependent on universal significance and impact on the populace. It is difficult to rank them on significance, so they are recorded in sequential request. 1. Ecclesiastical Bull Inter Caetera and the Treaty of Tordesillas (1493â€1494) Numerous individuals don't realize that when Christopher Columbus found the Americas, they as of now lawfully had a place with Portugal. As indicated by past ecclesiastical bulls of the fifteenth century, Portugal held case to any unfamiliar grounds west of a specific longitude. After Columbus return, both Spain and Portugal laid cases to the new grounds, compelling the pope to sift through things. Pope Alexander VI gave the bull Inter Caetera in 1493, announcing that Spain claimed every single new land west of a line 100 classes (around 300 miles) from the Cape Verde Islands. Portugal, not satisfied with the decision, squeezed the issue and the two countries endorsed the Treaty of Tordesillas in 1494, which set up the line at 370 groups from the islands. This settlement basically surrendered Brazil to the Portuguese while saving the remainder of the New World for Spain, thusly laying the structure for the advanced socioeconomics of Latin America. 2. The Conquest of the Aztec and Inca Empires (1519â€1533) After the New World was found, Spain before long understood that it was an unbelievably significant asset that ought to be placated and colonized. Just two things held them up: the forceful Empires of the Aztecs in Mexico and the Incas in Peru, who might need to be crushed so as to set up rule over the newfound grounds. Merciless conquistadores under the order of Hernn Cortã ©s in Mexico and Francisco Pizarro in Peru achieved only that, preparing for a considerable length of time of Spanish standard and oppression and underestimation of New World locals. 3. Independence from Spain and Portugal (1806â€1898) Blaming the Napoleonic attack of Spain, the vast majority of Latin America announced autonomy from Spain in 1810. By 1825, Mexico, Central America, and South America were free, destined to be trailed by Brazil. Spanish guideline in the Americas finished in 1898 when they lost their last settlements to the United States following the Spanish-American War. With Spain and Portugal good and gone, the youthful American republics were allowed to locate their own specific manner, a procedure that was consistently troublesome and regularly ridiculous. 4. The Mexican-American War (1846â€1848) As yet stinging from the loss of Texas 10 years prior, Mexico did battle with the United States in 1846 after a progression of conflicts on the outskirt. The Americans attacked Mexico on two fronts and caught Mexico City in May of 1848. As wrecking as the war was for Mexico, the harmony was more awful. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo surrendered California, Nevada, Utah, and parts of Colorado, Arizona, New Mexico, and Wyoming to the United States in return for $15 million and absolution of about $3 million more in obligations. 5. The War of the Triple Alliance (1864â€1870) The most crushing war at any point battled in South America, the War of the Triple Alliance pitted Argentina, Uruguay, and Brazil against Paraguay. At the point when Uruguay was assaulted by Brazil and Argentina in late 1864, Paraguay went to its guide and assaulted Brazil. Incidentally, Uruguay, at that point under an alternate president, exchanged sides and battled against its previous partner. When the war was more than, many thousands had kicked the bucket and Paraguay was in ruins. It would take a long time for the country to recoup. 6. The War of the Pacific (1879â€1884) In 1879, Chile and Bolivia did battle in the wake of going through decades squabbling over an outskirt question. Peru, which had a military partnership with Bolivia, was brought into the war too. After a progression of significant fights adrift and ashore, the Chileans were successful. By 1881 the Chilean armed force had caught Lima and by 1884 Bolivia marked a détente. Because of the war, Chile picked up the contested beach front area for the last time, leaving Bolivia landlocked, and furthermore picked up the territory of Arica from Peru. The Peruvian and Bolivian countries were crushed, requiring a very long time to recuperate. 7. The Construction of the Panama Canal (1881â€1893, 1904â€1914) The fruition of the Panama Canalâ by Americans in 1914 denoted the finish of an astounding and aspiring accomplishment of designing. The outcomes have been felt from that point forward, as the waterway has radically changed overall delivery. Less known are the political outcomes of the waterway, including theâ secessionâ of Panama from Colombia (with the consolation of the United States) and the significant impact the channel has had on the inward truth of Panama from that point onward. 8. The Mexican Revolution (1911â€1920) A transformation of ruined workers against a settled in rich class, the Mexican Revolution shook the world and everlastingly adjusted the direction of Mexican legislative issues. It was a ridiculous war, which included awful battles,â massacres, and deaths. The Mexican Revolutionâ officially finished in 1920 when Alvaro Obregã ³n turned into the last broad remaining following quite a while of contention, in spite of the fact that the battling proceeded for one more decade. Because of the upheaval, land change at long last occurred in Mexico, and the PRI (Institutional Revolutionary Party), the ideological group that rose from the defiance, remained in power until the 1990s. 9. The Cuban Revolutionâ (1953â€1959) When Fidel Castro, his brother Raà ºl and a worn out band of followersâ attacked the sleeping enclosure at Moncadaâ in 1953, they might not have realized they were venturing out one of the most noteworthy upheavals ever. With the guarantee of financial uniformity for all, the insubordination developed until 1959, when Cuban President Fulgencio Batistaâ fled the nation and triumphant dissidents filled the avenues of Havana. Castro built up a socialist system, fabricating close tiesâ withâ the Soviet Union, and adamantly opposed each endeavor the United Statesâ could consider to expel him from power. Everâ sinceâ that time, Cuba has either been a rotting sore of tyranny in an inexorably democraticâ worldâ or an encouraging sign for every enemy of colonialist, contingent upon your perspective. 10. Activity Condor (1975â€1983) In the mid-1970s, the legislatures of the southern cone of South America-Brazil, Chile, Argentina, Paraguay, Bolivia, and Uruguay-shared a few things for all intents and purpose. They were administered by preservationist systems, either tyrants or military juntas, and they had a developing issue with restriction powers and dissidents. They, therefore,â established Operation Condor, a community exertion to gather together and execute or in any case quietness their adversaries. When it finished, thousands were dead or missing and the trust of South Americans in their pioneers was perpetually broken. Albeit new realities come out every so often and a portion of the most noticeably terrible culprits have been brought to equity, there are as yet numerous inquiries regarding this vile activity and those behind it. Sources and Further Reading Gilbert, Michael Joseph, Catherine LeGrand, and Ricardo Donato Salvatore. Close Encounters of Empire: Writing the Cultural History of U.S.- Latin American Relations. Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press, 1988.LaRosa, Michael and German R. Mejia. An Atlas and Survey of Latin American History, second release. New York: Routledge, 2018.Moya, Jose C. (ed.) The Oxford Handbook of Latin American History. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011.Weber, David J., and Jane M. Rausch. Where Cultures Meet: Frontiers in Latin American History. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman Littlefield, 1994.

Philosophy and Social Justice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Reasoning and Social Justice - Essay Example As indicated by the report discoveries joblessness for the most part happens whenever bosses don't allow to individuals who are simple students to substantiate themselves at work, or when there is nobody who y helps other people find a new line of work. An equitable society isn't one where individuals would just childishly imagine that every one should battle for himself. A fair society is the place individuals battle for themselves as well as for others too. Ultimately, prejudice possibly exists if there is a childish view that one’s race is increasingly better than another. To put it plainly, the fair society that I envision is one without selfishness.As the conversation focuses on the way of thinking of Confucius is the way to accomplish my concept of an equitable society. As indicated by Confucius, â€Å"If [the people] be driven by uprightness, and consistency looked to be given them by the guidelines of legitimacy, they will have the feeling of respect and regard, and i n addition will become good†. This reasoning known as moral humanism is one where what is being drawn out is the normal consideration in individuals. This way of thinking depends on the possibility of Ren, â€Å"a compassionate rule established in sympathy and feeling for others†.â This implies society works by learning the guidelines of appropriateness. In the event that such guidelines are found out, what happens is that the individuals who gain proficiency with these principles normally create respect and regard for themselves and for each other. If this way of thinking of Confucius is educated to and imparted in the young people of the general public, this general public will in all likelihood become what is preferably just.

New SAT Math Problem Solving and Data Analysis

Covering 29% of the concepts on the test, this section is the second most common on the test, after Heart of Algebra. This is a part of the New SAT that has definitely been fleshed out since the old SAT. Keeping in line with real world scenarios, many problems will ask you to infer information based on a study with any number of participants. This is actually something that the SAT has never done before and is a welcome change, given that you’ll be learning lots about cause and effect and inferential statistics in college. Ratio, Proportion, Units, and Percentage This question type shouldn’t come as a surprise since it has probably been part of your math courses for the last five years (yep, you most likely went over this stuff, in some form, all the way back in early middle school). I’ll start with ratios. Ratios A good way to think of ratios is apples and oranges. Say I have two oranges and three apples, the ratio of oranges to apples is 2:3. Seems straightforward. What if I have four apples and 6 oranges? If you answered of the total (2 + 5 + 7 = 14). You think you got that? Well, here’s a question on ratios: Easy Question The ratio of shirts to shorts to pairs of shoes in Kevin’s closet is 5 : 2 : 3. If Kevin owns 10 shirts, how many pairs of shoes does he have to give away so that he ends up having the same number of shorts as he does pairs of shoes? A) 1 B) 2 C) 4 D) 5 Explanation Okay, this question is slightly evil, since shorts sounds like shirts and it is easy to get the two mixed up when you are reading fast. So always pay attention, even on easier questions! Since we know that Kevin has 10 shirts, and that 10 therefore corresponds to the number ‘5’ in the ratio, that the actual number of shorts, shirts, etc., he owns is double the number in the ratio. Thus, he owns four shirts and six pairs of shoes. So he’ll have to give away two pairs of shoes so that he’ll have the same number of shoes as he does shorts. Answer: (B). On some questions, you’ll have to figure out the proportion between two different units. Easy Question Niles takes an interstate road trip over the course of two days. If he covers 610 miles in nine hours the first day and 300 miles in four hours on the second day, what is high average speed per hour? A) 55 miles per hour B) 65 miles per hour C) 70 miles per hour D) 75 miles per hour Explanation To figure out the average speed of the entire trip, divide the total distance by the total number of hours. The handy equation D = rt, where D is total distance, r is rate, and t is time, will make this easier. D = 910, r = ?, t = 9 + 4 = 13 hours. 910 = 13r, r = 70, answer C). Difficult Question A cartographer owns a square map in which one inch corresponds to 7/3 of a mile. What is the area of the map in square inches if the map covers a territory of 49 square miles? SPR: ______________ Explanation We know that 7/3 of mile = one inch. We also know that the area is 49 square miles, meaning that each side = 7: √49 = 7). To find how many inches correspond to 7 miles, we set up the following equation: 7 = 7/3x, x = 3 Here is the little twist that you want to watch out for. The question is asking for square miles in inches, so we have to take 3^2 , which equals 9. Another possible question type, and one that most are familiar with and probably dread, is the percent question. To reduce something by a certain percentage, either turn that percent into a ratio over 100 or convert the percent into a decimal by moving the point back two spaces. For example, 2,000 D) 176,000 Difficult In a popular department store, a designer coat is discounted 20% off of the original price. After not selling for three months, the coat is further marked down another 20%. If the same coat sells online for 2,000. Answer C). 2. When you are not given a specific value for a percent problem, use 100 since it is easiest to increase or decrease in terms of %. 1st discount: 20% off of 100 = 80. 2nd discount: 20% off of 80 = 64. Online, the coat sells for /50 3) .375, 375/1000 or 3/8 4) 1.25, 5/4 next - Problem Solving and Data Analysis Part II

Comparison Of Ivan Pavlov And John Watson - 978 Words

In 1903 a Russian physiologist by the name of Ivan Pavlov first developed an experiential model of learning called Classical Conditioning (Lautenheiser 1999). An example if Classical Conditioning would be ringing a bell when it is time for your pet to eat. The pet hears the bell and over time is conditioned that when the bell rings its dinner time thus begins to salivate, and eventually learns to be conditioned to responding to the bell in a specific manner. The bases was that neutral stimulus would be put together with an excitatory one and over time the neutral stimulus would, at some point down the line elicit the response that was associated with the original unlearned response. Pavlov later added an element known as the nonexcitatory, conditioned stimulus which is but together with an unconditioned stimulus (Lautenheiser 1999). Classic Conditioning can also be known as stimulus response, conditioned response, respondent condition as these are the behaviors that take place du ring the Classical Conditioning. There are two basic forms of associative conditioning, classical and operant. Both Ivan Pavlov and John Watson were the first contributors to these behaviorist theories. Ivan Pavlov’s theory came about by working a dog and John Watson worked his classical conditioning with humans. John B. Watson thought that psychology should be known as the science of observable behavior because according to his writings â€Å"purely objective experimental branch of naturalShow MoreRelatedWatson and Rayner’s Classical Study with Llittle Albert Essay1726 Words   |  7 PagesIn the following essay I will be looking into the study conducted by Watson and Rayner (1920) on a small child known as ‘Little Albert’. 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Reconstructing Zwolinksi s Argument About Sweatshop Labor...

1. Reconstruct Zwolinksi’s argument about sweatshop labor Zwolinksi thought that regarding of the autonomy the workers of sweatshop are inclined to the seemingly unfair conditions of MNEs was not that bad if we could find that at least this was a kind of autonomous self-expression. The workers choices are also good to return stroke to the third parties such as governments or consumer boycott groups. The workers have a moral right to call for MNEs to voluntarily improve working conditions. Well, the sweatshop workers have no choice but to accept the harmful conditions although they are not with fully voluntary. 2. Reconstruct Arnold Bowie’s argument about sweatshop labor The MNEs should respect the persons and reduce the harm to the workers. One significant feature of globalization that is of particular relevance to our analysis is the increase in outsourcing by MNEs. MNEs are widely criticized by the public because of their law pay, or we should say an unreasonable pay, high labor intensity and bad conditions of works. It is reasonable to believe that all persons possess dignity and that this dignity must be respected. Workers are also exposed to dangerous toxic chemicals and airborne pollutants. One of the most controversial issues concerning sweatshops is the demand that employers raise the wages of employees in order to provide a living wage. Workers from all over the world complain about low wages. In Arnold Bowie’s opinion, the MNEs are challenging the rule of

Autocratic and Democratic Leadership Style †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Autocratic and Democratic Leadership Style. Answer: Introduction Leadership is the deciding factor of an industry for the success of the businesses operation. The success and growth of an industry is directly related to the efficiency of the leadership. The report is to identify the leaderships exists in different industries. It compares two completely different industries that are retail and automotive industry. A brief description of both the industries comprises the first part of the report followed by the leadership comparison in the industries. The challenges faced in the industries regarding leadership were also recorded. The next part of the report compares one organization from each of the industries discussed in the report. The companies that are selected for the comparison are BWS an Australian retail store that serves liquor in the Australian market and the international car company Ford. A detailed description of the leadership practices, similarities, and dissimilarities in the leadership of the organization is presented. Based on the discussion, justified recommendation was made in the final part of the report addressing the issues identified earlier in the report. The leaders of the retail industries must see through to balance two main factors that are task direction and people management. The retail stores are of high-volume and vary a wide range of complexity from selling single type of product to more diversified varieties. Moreover, most of the stores in this particular industry are seasonal and the products sold considerably vary. The leadership style reflected by the industry is of bureaucratic, task oriented to manage and direct the employees to achieve work efficiency. This is a single level of leadership who is responsible for taking decisions for the organization. This type of leadership demonstrates minimum consideration about the people and the cultural diversity among the staffs (forumforthefuture.org. 2017). However, this type of leadership shows greater success in customer value proposition. The focus of the leaders in automotive industry is on the interests and needs of a particular group of people. However, the companies tend to select the altercative leadership in the process of achieving success in the field. However, there lies the lack of compact viewpoint that underestimates the extent of the challenges they are facing or about to face. The industry ranges from a wide range of the types of vehicles that can be produced. It depends on the organization which sector interests them the most. The complexity of the industry is however much lesser than the retail industry as there are particular number of product line possibly exist. The industry on the other hand focuses particular target market and this is relatively same around the world. The demand of the customers are valued deciding the types of motor vehicles to be sold in the particular market However, the industry is undergoing some changes to refocus their goals. The particular leadership in the industry focuse s on the customer demand which makes them to choose between the customer value proposition and employee satisfaction. In this case, the value proposition is given optimum priority. It neglects the employee satisfaction in the process. Leadership Comparison Current Australian retail industry demonstrates the practice of bureaucratic leadership. It shows its effectiveness in managing the work process. Most of the decision made in the retail industry is bind by the rule of management and hardly deviates from it. The leaders of this style is comfortable to follow the specific rules for doing things and takes different level planning for seeking success (Chemers, 2014). However, the leadership opted by the retail industry seems to be justified to support the work environment of the industry. Each of the retail stores have to handle high volume of goods every single day that needs tracking. Moreover, this is a process requires systematic observation that only bureaucratic leadership can provide. However, the particular type of leadership offers little space for considering the well-being of the employees working under him. This in turn fails to propose value to the employees. The strict process on the other hand delivers systematic and quali ty products and services to its customers that successfully delivers value to the customers. Though the leadership fails to satisfy the needs of all the stakeholders, it customer value is kept in mind and given importance (Achtenhagen, Melin Naldi, 2013). Automotive industry on the other hand reflects different types of leadership and it varies from organization to organization. Leadership model opted by ford varies from the one used by Toyota. However, there is a similarity prevails in most of the automotive companies. They tend to follow the autocratic leadership for keeping the decision making authority within the board members (Arumugam, Mojtahedzadeh Malarvizhi, 2011). This style of leadership is of old schools and has little impact in the continuously changing nature of the employees. The employees show discomfort and dissatisfaction working under this particular style of leadership. However, this type of leadership is profit oriented and can show potential in value proposition. The customer value is considered with utmost importance and staking the comfort of the employees. The process of giving priority to the customer demands sometimes fails in evidencing the social responsibilities of the organization in the process of prof it making decisions taken by the leaders. It reflects negative impression on the customers (Ojokuku, Odetayo, Sajuyigbe, 2012). The example of the Volkswagen emission control issue is the greatest citable example in this regards. Similarities and Differences between the leadership Both the industries chosen show a level of similarities and dissimilarities in the context of leadership. The bureaucratic leadership proves to be common among the retail industry, whereas the automotive industry is dominated by the autocratic leadership style (Dennis, Kinzler-Norheim Bocarnea, 2010; Bhatti et al., 2012). Both the style of leaderships is old school and the decisions taken by both autocratic and bureaucratic leaders are completely taken by the leaders only and others have no role to play regarding the matter (Van Wart, 2013). The effects of the leaderships are more or less similar regarding the employee satisfaction that reflects low level of job satisfaction. Regardless of the similarities found in the leaderships styles of retail and automotive industry, some differences could be spotted. The primary difference that could possibly mentioned is the process of decision making. Bureaucratic leaders take decision from the rulebook and hardly deviate from the prescribed set of procedure. Autocratic leadership on the other hand does no such thing (Antonakis House, 2013). BWS is the liquor brand of Woolworths operating around Australia. They sell various liquor products both online and offline (woolworthsgroup.com.au. 2017). Ford on the other hand is selected from the automotive industry that is spread around the world. The company practices bureaucratic leadership for all the stores operating in Australia. It is till date helping them in attaining success in the process. However, the changing market is challenging them in continuing their leadership practice. The bureaucratic leadership helps them in both creating value and managing the operation (Northouse, 2015). However, the changing generation of the employees is leading to increasing dissatisfaction of the employees. Moreover, new leadership model is required to communicate the value proposition to the customers as the old school value proposition is no longer valid in todays modern world. The leadership followed at Ford automobile is the autocratic one. However, Mulally has modified the technique according to the need of changing generation. These modifications helped him to create opportunity for the broken company to make a comeback in the industry (foxbusiness.com., 2017). The practices followed by Mulally is as follows: He tries to communicate his vision to the employees to make them understand the reason behind the decision The leaders value is communicated to the employees stating the process of achieving progress. The win-win mindset and approach in relationship while partnering with other companies. The strong positivism to motivate the employees Result oriented leadership to attain maximum benefit. He has managed so far to keep the company from taking load from the government for paying its debts. He has sold some of companys assets and took loan in exchange of companys assets, but that has led him to pay some of the debts of the company (com., 2017). The only similarity that is possible to find between the leadership of the organizations is the employee dissatisfaction is present in both the companies. The difference between the leadership practices of both the company is the bureaucratic leadership of BMS has negative impact on its employees and they tend to get de-motivated, whereas the autocratic leadership of Ford has negative implication. Mulally is the decision maker of the company. No others opinion is taken into account that is crucial for the current situation of the market. Moreover, BWS decisions are ruled out and hardly deviate in any cases. Recommendation Based on the current situation of the industries and companies, the following recommendations can help them in developing their situation to cope up with the constant change in the modern day market situation and the market demand. Both the companies belonging from respective industries can implement the transformational leadership for developing their workplace situation and value proposition. It will help them to keep up with the modern day market situation and address the constant change in the market. However, some modification is required in accordance of the industry implemented. The following will individually address the use of transformational leadership in each industry. Use of transformational leadership help the leaders addressing the employees needs and prioritize them which will facilitate in developing the satisfaction level of the employees (Garca-Morales, Jimnez-Barrionuevo Gutirrez-Gutirrez, 2012). Leaders following transformational style interact their thought with the followers and consider their opinion in decision-making process. This will help the managers understand the real world problem faced by the employees and help them developing the situation and customer value creation (Wang Hsieh, 2013). Employee involvement will increase their self-esteem and motivate them in the workplace. It will help the leaders to take agile decision and the employees will have a level of authority to take quick decision they consider right at the given situation. Involvement of employees in decision making will enable the leader to obtain greater insight on customer behaviour and demand by accessing the experience of the employees The changing demand of the customers will obviously demand innovation, which would be satisfied by the involvement of the technical team in the process of decision making and accessing the greater innovative ideas (Amit Zott, 2012). The financial problem would only be addressed when the finance team of the company participate and contribute ideas and knowledge to the leader for better understanding the situation and way out. For example, if ford can generate greater profit by increasing the quality of the cars or the services. Production of greater expensive cars will limit the target customer group and increase the production cost. Hence, it will be effective for them to increase the service and assurance to attract more customers under they brand loyalty (Caldwell et al., 2012). Conclusion The above discussion concludes that the leadership used by most of the organizations along with the studied organization under each industry reflects a degree of limitation in their performance. The leadership style hold by the leaders of studied industries are incompatible to generate greater revenue for the company. The changing market requires a transformational leadership that will work for both of the industry. The Study specifies the benefits that could be obtained with the use of such leadership style. They can attain greater customer value and employee satisfaction using the transformational leadership and motivate the employees in the workplace by noting their importance. References Achtenhagen, L., Melin, L., Naldi, L. (2013). Dynamics of business modelsstrategizing, critical capabilities and activities for sustained value creation.Long range planning,46(6), 427-442. Amit, R., Zott, C. (2012). Creating value through business model innovation.MIT Sloan Management Review,53(3), 41. Antonakis, J., House, R. J. (2013). The full-range leadership theory: The way forward. InTransformational and Charismatic Leadership: The Road Ahead 10th Anniversary Edition(pp. 3-33). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Arumugam, V. C., Mojtahedzadeh, R., Malarvizhi, C. A. (2011). Critical success factors of total quality management and their impact on performance of Iranian Automotive Industry. InInternational conference on innovation, management and service(Vol. 14, No. 2, pp. 312-316). Bhatti, N., Maitlo, G. M., Shaikh, N., Hashmi, M. A., Shaikh, F. M. (2012). The impact of autocratic and democratic leadership style on job satisfaction.International Business Research,5(2), 192. Caldwell, C., Dixon, R. D., Floyd, L. A., Chaudoin, J., Post, J., Cheokas, G. (2012). Transformative leadership: Achieving unparalleled excellence.Journal of Business Ethics,109(2), 175-187. Chemers, M. (2014).An integrative theory of leadership. Psychology Press. Dennis, R. S., Kinzler-Norheim, L., Bocarnea, M. (2010). Servant Leadership Theory. InServant Leadership(pp. 169-179). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Garca-Morales, V. J., Jimnez-Barrionuevo, M. M., Gutirrez-Gutirrez, L. (2012). Transformational leadership influence on organizational performance through organizational learning and innovation.Journal of business research,65(7), 1040-1050. forumforthefuture.org. (2017). Retail Leadership. Retrieved 11 October 2017, from https://www.forumforthefuture.org/project/retail-leadership/overview foxbusiness.com. (2017). Alan Mulally and Ford Retrieved 11 October 2017, from https://www.foxbusiness.com/markets/2014/01/22/7-practices-alan-mulally-that-helped-ford-pass-competitors.html Northouse, P. G. (2015).Leadership: Theory and practice. Sage publications. Ojokuku, R. M., Odetayo, T. A., Sajuyigbe, A. S. (2012). Impact of leadership style on organizational performance: a case study of Nigerian banks.American Journal of Business and Management,1(4), 202-207. Van Wart, M. (2013). Lessons from leadership theory and the contemporary challenges of leaders.Public Administration Review,73(4), 553-565. Wang, D. S., Hsieh, C. C. (2013). The effect of authentic leadership on employee trust and employee engagement.Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal,41(4), 613-624. woolworthsgroup.com.au. (2017).BWS. Retrieved 11 October 2017, from https://www.woolworthsgroup.com.au/page/about-us/our-brands/liquor/BWS

Pygmalion free essay sample

The distinctive voices, characteristic in any text/s, can be deconstructed to develop an understanding which may validate, challenge or disprove society’s values and/or beliefs within a given context. Language, in all its forms, is a human thing, and allows the traces or imprints of human use, not inherently but in its use. A text may promote obvious distinction between the authorial voice and characters viewpoint. This can be seen in the play of Pygmalion in by George Bernard shaw and the film Pleasantville directed by Gary Ross.Both of these texts show distinctive voices through dialogue the use of dialogue which highlights the relationships and differences between characters. Pygmalion is a play in five acts. It is about a young woman named Eliza Doolittle who sells flowers on the side of the street. She is very poor and badly spoken. She meets Mr. Higgins who is a phonetician (an expert in the spoken English Language). We will write a custom essay sample on Pygmalion or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In act 1 her distinctive voices described as needing to wash her hair, dirty compared to the other ladies and dressed in a shoddy coat and coarse skirt.Her social class is also revealed in her manner of speaking. She uses colloquial language, contracts words into one and has a distinct cockney accent. An example of this can be seen in her first line of the play:†There’s menner f’yer! Te-oo branches o voylets trod into the mad† In this line Eliza created a contraction â€Å"f’yer†. She also used the incorrect tense when she said ‘trod†. Some of her words are expressed using the phonetic alphabet to give the impression of how they would sound. While she does so another member of the lower class draws her attention to a who is making note of everything she says.Eliza became quite distressed because she was afraid that she was going to be accused of prostitution. Her distress is shown through her repetition of I’m a good girl† and her cries like ‘ah-ow-ooh†. Her reaction demonstrates her vulnerability as a young woman from the lower classes. She has very little money but treasures her respectability, a charge of prositution would be damaging to her character and lower any opportunity for future advancement. This is a very significant scene because it introduces many of the key characters and establishes the plot which is based on Eliza’s training to behave like a woman. More importantly, this scene establishes Eliza’s voice. Her voice is emblematic of her low social class. Her vocabulary is limited. Her pronunciation is dreadful and she speaks with a cockney accent. Her voice at this point defines her identity. Eliza’s voice changes as the story progresses which is used to send a message about society. Eliza is dressed and tutored by Mr. higgins in order to appear like a lady. After a great deal of work she is mistaken for a foreign princess at a ball due to her excellent pronunciation.However, it is not until Act IV when she stands up to Mr. Higgins that she truly adopts her own distinctive voice. An example of this can be seen when she says â€Å"what’s to become of me? What’s to become of me†. This quote use rhetorical question and repetition to demonstrate her distressed state and also to show that she is thinking for herself and questioning the authority of Mr higgins. Shortly after she says â€Å" I said flowers. I didn’t sell myself. Now you’ve made a lady of me I’m not fit for anything else. I wish you’d left me where you’d found me. In this comment she juxtaposes her life before and after the experiment to compare the two and demonstrate that her options have been limited by participating in the experiment . These quotes display that she has learnt the right way to speak so that her social class has been disguised. This is a very significant scene in the play because it is the moment when Eliza truly finds her voice. Her manner of speaking is forceful and calculated which reveals her intelligence and sense of independence. She shows that beneath the appearance of a lady she is still the same person.She demands answers and takes control of her situation. This is the moment when she uses her voice to reclaim control over her life. Another distinctive voice in Pymalion is that Henry Higgins . is an important character in the play as he is Eliza’s tutor. He Is an expert in phonetics and is very proud of his skill and his ability to transform Eliza into a lady. However he fails to follow the rules of social conduct when they are out in public. This is evident in Act III when he was rude to the hostess saying: â€Å"fearful bore for you this sort of thing.Forgive my part in it†. However he is most rough with Eliza. His voice is characterised by the severe tone, high volume and use of profanity or insults. He also uses a harsh tone, particularly when talking to Eliza e. g â€Å"You won my bet! You! Presumptuous insect! / I won it. † In this quote he uses exclamations, repetition and italics to show his emotion. This quote uses exclamations and repetition of you to emphasise his emotion. He also uses the metaphor of Eliza as an insect to communicate his anger but also create the sense that she is small and meaningless.This quote shows his inability to acknowledge that eliza worked hard for the bet. â€Å" Damn Mrs. pearce ; and damn the coffee; and damn you: and wildly damn my own folly in having lavished my hard-earned knowledge and the treasure of my regard and intimacy on a heartless guttersnipe†. At this point Mr. Higgins has truly lost his temper. This is shown in the repetition of the curse â€Å"damn†. He has been hurt by what Eliza has said because he believes that she is ungrateful. Eliza has won the argument by making him lose his temper. He leaves in fury.This is another example of how tone, language choice and language devices can be used to create a individual voices. 22 is a song by Lily allen shows how dialogue can create a distinctive voice. It compares the optimistic plans and attitude of a yound and attractive 22 year old, to her 30 year old self. It is a song about disappointed dreams as she does not achieve what she hoped to and does not understand where her life went to wrong. The primary voice in the song is the narrator who describes her past and present self. The song begins with the juxtaposition of her young and old self.The young version had a world of opportunity open to her, the old version has past her prime and does not how to she got so lost. The choice of bright and night create an image in the reader’s mind and that she has moved from the light to the dark, from something good into something bad (imagery). Through the third person omniscient narration the reader learns about the thoughts, feelings and aspirations of the woman at different points in her life. The chorus gives us the voice of society which claims that her life is over because she is a woman who has passed a certain age. It also make use of juxtaposition to contrast her hopes as a 22 year old to the reality as a 30 year old. The chorus is repeated three times, this, this use of repetition is required for the structure of a song and it emphaises the power of the voice of society. Another strong voice in the poem is the voice of society. The voice of society is shown in the chorus. The voice of society says that at 30 she has reached her expiration date, she will not get a career or a husband if she has not already. The voice of society suggests that once she reaches a certain age she has lost her good looks and has no bright opportunities.The voice of society is a strong influence and its significance is emphasised as the chorus is repeated. The repetition of the chorus draws attention to society’s view and grants it power. The voice is an important tool that can be used to empower people, however it can also disempower people by revealing information about the past. In the song 22 by lily allen shows the voice of a bright, optimistic young woman, the voice of a downtrodden and disillusioned older woman and the overpowering voice of society.This song relates to Pygmalion because both texts deal with a young woman bound by the expectations of society. The voices of the main characters initially disempower them because they mark them as a outsiders who do not belong in Pleasantville. However, bud’s speech at the end of the film uses passion and inspiration to gain support. These distinctive voices reveal how spoken language can authorize characters and define their characteristics. This is imaginable through a range of language and aural techniques.

The eNotes Blog That GIF is an Omnishambles 2012 Words of theYear

That GIF is an Omnishambles 2012 Words of theYear Language is a process of free creation; its laws and principles are fixed, but the manner in which the principles of generation are used is free and infinitely varied. Even the interpretation and use of words involves a process of free creation. ~ Noam Chomsky Two new words were added to the monster accordion of the English language today: Omnishambles (noun, informal):   a situation that has been comprehensively mismanaged, characterized by a string of blunders and miscalculations. and GIF (verb) :  to create a GIF file of (an image or video sequence, especially relating to an event. Guess which one is from the Oxford English Dictionary and which one is from the Oxford American Dictionary? (An important note:   I learned today that I mispronounce GIF. I say it as if there is a silent t gif and its like the peanut butter, Jiff. I plan to continue to say it my way. What are ya gonna do, call a cop?) Omnishambles owes its origins to the British political satire  The Thick of It.   Ã‚  Here are other words that have become part of our parlance, whose origins also come from television: From  The Simpsons:   Doh! (in the OED) Embiggen  Ã‚  Dictionary.coms 21st Century Lexicon Stephen Colbert:   Truthiness Conan OBrien:   Crunk   Bugs Bunny:   Nimrod  and Maroon As for technology, imagine going back even fifteen years, perhaps less, and telling someone that you needed to tweet something   you found on youtube and hey, by the way, did you hear flashdrives are on sale at Amazon? See you later.   I need to go to iTunes and download that new MP3.

Nursing Implications for Creating and Maintaing a Restraint-Free Unit Research Paper

Nursing Implications for Creating and Maintaing a Restraint-Free Unit Uviversity of Central Florida - Research Paper Example Alternatives to physical and chemical restraints are explored in this research review, as well as the nursing implications for creating and maintaining a unit that is restraint-free. A restraint free environment in the ICU is a situation where there is nothing that restricts the movement of the patient in the ICU. In restraint ICU, the patient is not allowed to make any movements by either controlling them physically with physical devices that limit their movements. Most hospitals today work towards having restraint free environments that would not restrict the movement of patients. To achieve this, nurses have a very important role in the creation and maintenance of the restraint free environments. The philosophy of nurses suggests that nursing includes taking care of someone by showing them love and concern. â€Å"This love and concern must also include the use of professional care for the patient† (Benbenbishty, 2010). When taking care of someone, the nurse has to ensure th at both his and her emotional, physical, and spiritual needs are met. It is also important for a nurse to ensure that while taking care of the patient, they must treat them with respect and dignity and to ensure that their needs and wishes are met. Nurses also have to realize that everyone ages, that aging is a very natural process, and that the old are human beings. This means that every nurse has the responsibility of taking care of the old with respect and not as people who are undergoing both mental and physical deterioration. Nurses also have to ensure that while taking care of a patient, their ultimate aim should be to rehabilitate, and maintain every patient in such a way that they enjoy their daily living in relation to their level of quality of life. It is, therefore, the responsibility of the nurses to ensure that a restraint free environment is created in the ICU. This is because as one patient is restrained, any or all of the above aims may be violated, hence leading to the violation of the nurse’s act. Therefore, nurses have a major role to play in the creation and maintaining of a restraint free ICU. They have to do this so as to fulfill their professional requirements and at the same time to act like human beings and to treat other people not as animals but as fellow humans. Since restraint causes a lot of pain and restrictions to the patient, it should be the main aim of every nurse to do away with it. In the event that the nurses create an environment that is free of any reins taint, then a lot will be achieved. First, the nurses would have fulfilled their career objective of providing an environment that is comfortable and that the wish of the patient can be put into consideration. To achieve this, however, there has to be a lot of increased responsibility on the nurses’ side. First, they have to increase the amount of time that they have to use in taking care of the patient. This also means that since no restriction is availabl e, then nurses have to ensure that they are always there for their patients so that they do not get hurt, especially those who may have some mental problems. Nurses also have to ensure that they closely monitor every patient to know who needs more care. It is also very important that for a free restrain to be effective, nurses have to reduce their level of carelessness and to know the kind of materials that should be kept away from the patient. Even though there is

Nursing Response to Suspected Excessive opioid Overdose in Palliative Research Paper

Nursing Response to Suspected Excessive opioid Overdose in Palliative Care Patient - Research Paper Example However, in this case the answer was negative and the triage process was moved to decision section B. Decision section B, the triage staff, decides whether the patient can safely wait or can not to be given medical attention. If the patient is not able to hold on then the process is moved to decision section C. However, in this scenario, the patient can not wait much longer and thus the patient is categorized as ESI level 2. In ESI level 2, Three chief question are put into consideration. These questions are: (1) Is the patient in serious risk situation? (2) Is the patient disoriented? (3) Is the patient in serious distress? The triage healthcare provider obtains patient subjective and objective assessment to respond to these questions. From the short and quick interview, gross examination, and the six sense from the triage, healthcare provider in ER identifies the patient to be at high risk (Nielsen, Siersma, Nielsen, and Rasmussen, 2012). In ESI sub level1a above, the healthcare pr ovider perform the assessment of the patient. It is extremely complicating and of high risk when taking care of a patient under the overdose of the opioid. The triage healthcare provider has the responsibility of assessing the patient for any suspicion of the narcotic overdose. Some of the symptoms for a suspected opioid overdose the staff comes up with in this case are; slowing level of consciousness, low respiratory rate, decrease of the pupils in size, and poorly reactive pupils. Overdose of Opioid weakens the respiratory and the CNA. In the flowchart above the second step, ESI sub-level 2b, is the stimulation of the patient, it clearly suggest the patient to be stimulated by administering oxygen... ESL algorithm produces fast, reproducible, and clinically stratification of patients into five steps. It is better to operationalize a case scenario to demonstrate health flow use of ESI. Consider the case scenario represented in the flowchart above, The patient is Opioid overdosed and is admitted into the ER. For the ER staff to assist the patient they will have to create an ESL module that will facilitate the optimal care of the patient. ER staff initiates the drafting of the flow chart above using ESI triage tool. The tool aide the staff to formulate a sequence of analytical steps to assist the patient. ESI triage tool groups patients into five categories 1= most serious and 5= less serious. ESI postulate a method of classifying patients in ER by both resource needs and acute. ESI in the ER is to prioritize all incoming patients to denote those who can not wait to be seen. The staff in ER perform a quick, determined assessment, and assigns the patient a triage level, which is the key measure of how much longer a patient can safely hold on before treatment. It is vital to identify the workflow in ER can be extended further to achieve functionality that is not addressed by the external presentations included in the above levels. This can be postulated by programming new external application of certain problem.

Gender Archaeology Essay Example for Free

Gender Archaeology Essay Gender archaeology is a field of study that encompasses different approaches in the study of gender. It developed in the 1980s at the time feminist movement emerged in many societies including America and Britain questioning the male bias of the mainstream archaeology. Gender plays a significant role in constructing society and its values, categorizing which are female or male roles, and creating meanings and identity. However, studying the concept of gender is difficult as its meaning is influenced by many factors and relationships in the society. Arguments are raised that gender, unlike the biological sex, does not exist and complicated to test through archaeology. One of the traditional approaches in studying gender is through material culture where tangible evidences are correlated with the presence of men and women such as artefacts and tools excavated, suggesting a representation of the two genders and their activities (Shaw and Jameson 2000: 251). The productive use of material culture is one of the most significant contributions of archaeologists unlike other disciplines which ignore the potentials of material and its symbolic representations and meaning construction of gender (Bintliff 2004:85). Scholars should recognize the relevance of material culture as it is able to correlate the objects and its physical realities and consequences to gender, allowing varied ways of exploring an object or material. It provides resources for reference and medium for practice of gender. It aids the study of gender archaeology in all geographical regions, categories of material culture, and periods (Gilchrist 1999: 15). One of the research methods used in studying material culture is a case study, which is also commonly used in feminist archaeology, where archaeologist become ethnographers. They visit the site or region of analysis aiming to reconstruct the past societies with as much details as possible about the past people’s lifestyle, customs, traditions, beliefs, and other events (Nelson 2006: 45). In this way, history of people and its meanings are identified through material evidences which represent relationship to gender. Numerous studies have revealed astounding facts and evidence leading to an understanding on how the meanings of gender and its facets are identified. Many pre-historical studies have been conducted around the world in knowing how men and women are represented, particularly in artefacts, and how these representations construct or deconstruct the roles of each gender. In a study, Ungendering Archaeology: Concepts of Sex and Gender in Figurine Studies in Prehistory, Naomi Hamilton analysed and interpreted the prehistoric anthromorphic figurines from Eastern Europe and the Near East (Donald and Hurcombe 2000: 18). Hamilton devised as methodology to identify sex on the figures and analyse the stereotypes attached to it regarding Western gender roles. There were numerous figurines unearthed from Europe but the interpretations are different and sometimes contradicting. Some scholars argue that these figures, particularly those with women, represents ‘goddess worship’ but others did not agree. According to Hamilton, there is a need for a theory on gender and gender relations that would at least provide better explanations than the traditional studies. For any unfamiliar figure, it would be easier to assume that a certain object represents a male or a female goddess or creature but others might interpret it differently. In Seklo group from Greece, for example, an excavator thought of the distorted figure with womanly shape as representation of female centaur while other objects resembling male figure are assumed as enthroned men. Later, the female-like figure was interpreted in different views: seated figure, goddess, or female on a birth stool. These varied translations happen most of the times because, as Hamilton argued, archaeologists readily accept that aspects of human life have universal characteristics such that what is commonly associated with women in another region or era is assumed to be similar in another region of different period (Donald and Hurcombe 2000: 28). Hamilton argued that the ambiguity the two mutually exclusive genders (male and female) and its resemblance to historical Western societies have not been questioned. Traditional assumptions on these figurines readily announced as representation of sex and gender roles and not other things. Besides, interpretations are based conservative view on gender. Archaeologists assumed that there is a standard gender division in culture but anthropologists say otherwise. In many historical figurines, most represent female as it was how assumed by archaeologists. It must be that male is not so superior in the old times than now. Obviously, there are difficulties and contrasting views on identifying which gender figurines stand for. Hence it is important to consider not to identify each figure as sex symbol only but also gather other information on culture to avoid pre-conceive notions that men or women are represented in such matter for a period of time and also to avoid stereotypes on the roles of women. Research on gender might suffer if there is a strong bias on either gender or gender differences. The assumption that every culture has standard or similar male-female divisions of characteristics might lead to building a gender based on stereotypes (Hamilton 2004). These might influence on how men and women are viewed today and how their roles are determined in every aspects of life such as family, politics, or academe. Hamilton’s study on figurines has a plausible argument that the traditional assumptions of archaeologists have made conclusions that are inaccurate and lacks credibility. This is an important consideration since these kind of assumptions lead to opposing views damaging or overrating either gender especially women who has been, for a long time, regarded as subordinate to men. List of References Blintiff, J. L. (2004) A Companion to Archaeology. United Kingdom: Blackwell Publishing Ltd. Gilchrist, R. (1999) Gender and Archaeology: Contesting the Past. Taylor Francis. Hamiton, S. M. (2004) Gender in Archaeology. Rowman Altamira. Nelson, S. M. (2006) Handbook of Gender in Archaeology. Rowman Altamira Shaw, I. and Jameson, R. (2000) A Dictionary of Archaeology. United Kingdom: Wiley-Blackwell

Sympathy in Beowulf Essay -- Epic Poems, Grendel, Anglo-Saxon

While the classic battle between good and evil forces is a major theme of the medieval epic Beowulf, one may question whether these good and evil forces are as black and white as they appear. Scholars such as Herbert G. Wright claim that â€Å"the dragon, like the giant Grendel, is an enemy of mankind, and the audience of Beowulf can have entertained no sympathy for either the one or the other† (Wright, 4). However, other scholars such as Andy Orchard disagree with this claim, and believe that there is â€Å"something deeply human about the ‘monsters’† (Orchard, 29). While Grendel, Grendel’s mother, and the dragon are indeed portrayed as evil and violent foes, there are parts within Beowulf that can also lead a reader to believe that the â€Å"monsters† may not be so monstrous after all. In fact, the author of Beowulf represents the â€Å"monsters† within the poem with a degree of moral ambivalence. This ambivalence ultimately evokes tr aces of sympathy in the reader for the plight of these â€Å"monster† figures, and blurs the fine line between good and evil within the poem. The first opponent Beowulf must face in the land of the Danes is Grendel, textually described as â€Å"a fiend out of hell †¦ [a] grim demon / haunting the marches, / marauding round the heath / and the desolate fens† (Beowulf, line 100 – 104). The author also provides us with a moral description, explaining how Grendel is â€Å"merciless †¦ malignant by nature, he never showed remorse† (line 135-137). As we can see here, the author’s physical and moral portrayal of Grendel is rather unforgiving. We also resent Grendel further once we learn that he has wreaked havoc upon the Heorot hall for twelve years, â€Å"inflicting constant cruelties on the people / atrocious hurt† (line 165). One may wonder ... ...ts treasure, almost an obsession,† then can one really blame am animal acting through instinct and purpose? While destructive, it was indeed the greed and ignorance of man that brought the wrath of the dragon upon Geatland. â€Å"The intruder who broached the dragon’s treasure / and moved him to wrath had never meant to† (line 2215). â€Å"each antagonist struck terror in the other† (line 2565). While the monsters of the poem are the antagonists of the poem, the author still manages to make the reader feel traces of sympathy for them. Grendel’s human depiction, exile and misery tugs at the heart of readers and indeed shows a genuine side to the figure, while Grendel’s mother and the dragon are sympathetic mainly because they were provoked into being attacked over things they both had a deep affection for. Their actions make us question whether they are as evil as they seem.

Health Assessment and Health Promotion Plan Essay

Abstract Constipation is a common condition that affects people of all ages. It may be described as a variation in an individual’s normal bowel habit with discomfort and diminished quality of life. Medical assessment is required as the underlying cause may be due to a serious medical condition. Managing patients with constipation presents many challenges to the health care professional, not only overcoming communication barriers associated with bowel habits but also because there is no universally accepted definition. Constipation is usually multifactorial, often with complicated underlying patho-physiology and it can be influenced by physical, psychological, physiological, emotional and environmental factors. Chronic constipation is one of the most common lower gastrointestinal disorders affecting people in America and is a key health concern for healthcare providers. This is mainly accurate for patients in high-risk groups such as the elderly, patients suffering from immobility, neurologically impaired patients and those with multiple health-care needs, as well as and those admitted to the hospital or residing in a healthcare facility. Unfortunately, constipation may be regarded as less important than other conditions commonly seen in general practice. Constipation has cost implications in terms of medications, containment equipment and nursing time. The following paper will investigate a patient suffering from constipation while developing a better understanding and approach of management for such ailment. Health Assessment and Promotion Plan Mrs. Burns a 64 years old female presents with chief complaint of being â€Å"constipated†. She states she has a bowel movement about every 3 to 4 days, feels the need to strain at defecation and her stools are hard and painful to excrete. She also has stated having frequent headaches, fatigue, a feeling of bloatedness and loss of appetite. As mention in the book, â€Å"Physical Examination and Health Assessment† by Jarvis, the aging adult frequently reports constipation signs and symptoms, such as reduced stool frequency (less than 3 bowel movements per week), and other common and troubling associated symptoms like straining, lumpy or hard stool, feeling of incomplete evacuation, feeling of anorectal blockage and use of manual maneuvers. Common causes of constipation include decrease in physical activity, inadequate intake of water, a low-fiber diet, side effects of medications (opioids, tricyclic antidepressants, and antacids), irritable bowel syndrome, bowel obstruct ion, hypothyroidism, and inadequate toilet facilities. Upon obtaining subjective data it was found that Mrs. Burns lives by herself after the death of her husband 6 months ago. She states no longer being able to eat as she used to when her husband was still alive and she cooked every day; now she usually eats by herself. She stated she has lost over 20 lbs. since her husband’s dead. She also reported usually feeling lonely and very sad. Client also stated her usual meals of the day include breakfast starting with a cup of coffee and a slice of toast, lunch is usually eaten between 1 and 2 pm and include can soup or a tuna sandwich if she feels hungry and for dinner tea. Anorexia is a loss of appetite, and the purpose for obtaining information about signs and symptoms of anorexia is vital to prevent the dangerous psychological and behavioral effects on all aspects of an individual’s life. The individual can become seriously underweight, irritable and easily upset which can lead to depression and social withdrawal. Anorexia can also affect sleep and lead to fatigue during the day, as well as decrease attention and concentration (Prynn, 2011). Mrs. Burns does not often consume fruits and vegetables or other additional source fiber. She does not like the taste of water, so is very rare for her to consume it. She states not having trouble chewing, swallowing, or feeling nauseous or vomiting, but she likes to take naps after eating. Mrs. Burns also reported having signs and symptoms of abdominal pain located in the right and left lower quadrants of the stomach. The pain usually starts after the third day of constipation, which she describes as cramping (colic type) and usually relieved after she ambulates or has a bowel movement. Mrs. Burns describes her bowel habits as changed from going on a daily basis to only having a bowel movement every 3 to 4 days with a hard consistency. In her past abdominal history she reports not ever having an abdominal surgery. She brought an abdominal x-ray report, which concludes fecal matter to be present. She reports her list of medications including calcium, iron supplements and antacids, which she takes on a daily basis. The patient reports that being constipated all the time makes it really difficult for her to have a normal life. She reports her coping mechanisms as taking over-the-counter preparations especially laxatives, the use of digital stimulation and taking ibuprofen as necessary to relieve the pain when food or ambulation are not effective. A throughout functional assessment was performed and found that Mrs. Burns is able to ambulate, perform activities of daily living, including instrumental activities of daily living and has no problems with mobility. In the other hand, she has reported that she used to be much more active while her husband was alive and remembers walking the park for at least 20 minutes three times per week. Upon physical examination the following anthropometric measures and vital signs were obtained: Height: 162 cm (5†²4†²Ã¢â‚¬ ²), Weight: 65 kg (143 lbs.), Temperature: 36.2 °C (97.2 °F), Pulse: 82 BPM, Respirations: 20/minute, Blood pressure: 128/74 mm Hg, Active bowel sounds in all four quadrants and abdomen slightly distended without pain or tenderness at the present time. Gait and posture are normal for a patient of her age. There are no complaints related to lower back symptoms, perineal area observed free of any abnormalities or redness, perineal movement and anal sphincter squeeze noted with moderate muscle coordination. Digital rectal examination performed: hard fecal material noted, anal sphincter tone was normal, no rectal prolapse, no hemorrhoids, and no skin tags or anal lesions were noted. Labs results for hemoglobin, 11.8 and urinalysis, negative. Effective assessment provides nurses with the relevant information on which advice, interventions and management can be planned. In addition, it contributes to the path of outcomes measured and evaluation of care. Assessing patients with constipation presents many challenges to the health professional, not only by overcoming communication barriers associated with bowel habits and the embarrassment associated with an intimate rectal examination, but also because constipation may not result from a single straightforward cause. The subjective nature of constipation adds to the difficulty of the assessment, especially as nurses tend to use the objective measurement of bowel frequency rather than using a subjective symptom tool (Kyle, 2011). Assessment is based on a consideration of all the possible causes, while particularly assuring that it is not caused by an underlying undiagnosed medical condition. The aim of assessment is to establish a symptom profile in order to plan individualized bowel care. The main goal of treatment and management for constipation is prevention and relief. Establishing an ideal bowel action should prevent recurrence. Therefore, effective assessment provides nurses with the information on which advice and interventions of management can be planned effectively. Establishing a symptom proï ¬ le assist in identifying the most likely causes for the bowel symptoms based in the context of a more relevant medical/surgical/obstetric history and functional ability. Three main components have been identified as part of the plan of care developed for Mrs. Burns’ current chief complaint. These primary components include: the implementation of an exercise routine, as well as a dietary regimen that will include more ï ¬â€šuids and ï ¬ ber. This is better known as lifestyle advice or step one of a stepped approach to bowel care, which is often recommended for promoting a healthy bowel and is still considered the ï ¬ rst-line treatment for constipation (Kyle, 2010). The implementation of this approached will be monitor by a dietitian, along with the nurses who will provide Mrs. Burns with dietary education and lifestyle modification strategies. In addition, other very important components will be included as well. Mrs. Burns will have a psychological consult as she is at risk for depression as evidenced by her husband’s recent death and feelings of loneliness and sadness. Nurses should develop a more proactive and evidence-based approach to the prevention of constipation rather than continuing with the existing reactive response to this distressing symptom. Such an approach is dependent primarily on improving the education and the skill-base of nursing and those with whom they work. Finally, further research and discussions will add to the knowledge framework of such a significant condition, since so many complications are rooted from unhealthy digestive systems. References Jarvis, C. (2012). Physical Examination. (6th edition ed.). St. Louis: W B Saunders Co. Kyle, G. (2011). Risk assessment and management tools for constipation. British Journal of Community Nursing,16(5), 224-230. Kyle, G. (2010). Considering the options for treating constipation. Practice Nursing, 21(3), 124. Prynn, P. (2011). Managing adult constipation. Practice Nurse, 41(17), 23-28.

St. Anselm Of Canterbury - 2376 Words

For centuries, philosophers have been concerned with proving the existence of god, and from this has sprouted many arguments attempting to prove or disprove god’s existence from a wide variety of different perspectives. St. Anselm, Archbishop of Canterbury has proved a true pioneer in the study of the philosophy of religion. Anselm provided one of the most crucial and influential solutions to solving the mystery of god’s existence, the Ontological Argument. While there were many different arguments (along with their originators) discussed during the religion presentation, it will be Anselm’s that we focus on. While Anselm’s ontological argument is seen as one of the most influential arguments created about god’s existence, it is not†¦show more content†¦4. Thus, if God exists only as an idea in the mind, then we can imagine something that is greater than God (that is, a greatest possible being that does exist). 5. But we cannot imagine something that is greater than God (for it is a contradiction to suppose that we can imagine a being greater than the greatest possible being that can be imagined.) 6. Therefore, God exists. The ontological argument described by Anselm is a purely logical argument. It sets out to prove the definition of god by using just logic and abstract reasoning to plead its case. Essentially Anselm’s argument is the same type of argument as saying 2+2=4. It relies not on experimentation or observation to reach its conclusion. The main strength in Anselm’s argument is that he demonstrates that the concept of god is not illogical. He shows that even the most non-believers have some concept of what god is in their mind – an all mighty being, the most powerful being, etc. Anselm’s definition of what god is, â€Å"†¦a being than which nothing greater can be conceived†, further strengthens his argument because it suggests that the idea of a perfect being implies all aspects of perfection. Existence is seen as an element of perfection. It is also agreed by many that it is more perfect to exist than not to. Therefore, god must exist. Anselm elaborates on this logical conclusion by stating that â€Å"†¦than which nothing greater can be conceived, cannot exist in the